In our time – An exquisite combination of literary technique and absurd realism

done an exquisite combination of literary technique and absurd realism, Flannery OConnor reveals to the reviewer a grotesque butt of life in the rural south of the United States. By combining a certain flare for dialogue, an intense and primal understanding of gracious nature, and the ceaseless use of irony, OConnor paints a vivid image of the world she witnessed around her while commenting on society and the importance of traditional values. OConnor transfers the vulnerability of one into many, and her mastery of modify control deep down the cast of characters, ensures the uncertainty of the outcome and in the process.This reminds us that none of the roles in our lives are stagnant and that by intentionally blinding ourselves to what we do non wish to see or recognize, takes away more than just a view. Through the unique verisimilitude of her stories, she reveals to us that what we attempt to disregard inevitably emerges again and again. One of the most distinguishing aspect s of OConnors literature are the characters she portrays and develops. Each represent philosophies and personalities, which are derived through the mid 20th century southern lifestyle.Their response to diversity and misadventure eventually leads to horrific sadness, tragedy and death, or the exposure of bizarre and atrocious values. With the constant use of religious imagery, tragic announceing and humorous irony, the stories A in effect(p) Man is Hard to Find and Everything that Rises must Converge clearly demonstrate and portray OConnors ideology of the gradual breakdown of society as a intact with the internal collapse of traditional values. Predominant themes such as religion and racism provide a powerful statement on OConnors perspective of society.Through the effectiveness of these techniques, Flannery OConnor successfully analyzes the existential plight of human existence and its conflict with traditional and religious conviction. In some(prenominal) stories, the antagon ist is always a representation of traditional values, whether it is of strong Christian belief or of racial bigotry, whereas the protagonist is seen to take the form of modern-day scientific beliefs. In the story A sober Man is Hard to Find, the antagonist is the Grand have she remains nameless throughout the story. The Misfit is the protagonist.Though it appears that the Grandmother is extremely manipulative and deceitful during the course of the story, as she was trustworthy for the deaths of the entire family, one must consider and observe the treatment she receives from her relatives. In the majority of the story, she is either ignored by her son and daughter in law, or rudely criticized by her grandchildren. The grandchildren are representative of the breakdown of respect and filial dependence seen throughout society. However, OConnor also wanted to demonstrate the counterbalance to this concept In my time, utter the gran, folding her thin veined fingers, children were mo re respectful of their native states and their parents and everything else. People did right then.Oh look at that cute little pickaninny she said and pointed to a Negro child standing in the door of a shack (Pg. 119) The idea that the grandmother refers to the Negro child as a pickaninny not perfectly demonstrates blatant and unintentional racism, it subverts the lines of the respect that the hypo full of life grandmother was previously referring to. Similarly, in the story Everything that Rises , OConnor demonstrates the breakdown of respect and dependence and generational confliction. The antagonist is vie by Mrs. Chestny, who is similar to the grandmother in the sense that both mean well and both women hold strongly to their traditional beliefs. Julian Chestny, her son, takes the role of the protagonist, a smug and selfish young man who also represents a similar collapse. They dont give a damn for your graciousness, Julian said savagely. Knowing who you are is broad(a) for o ne generation only.You havent got the foggiest idea where you stand now or who you are. (Pg. 407) The fact that Julian has the right to question his own mothers authority and her wisdom and knowledge is account evidence not only of his protagonistic, but of the lack of respect he has for this woman who obviously has seen and known much more than he has. OConnor also exhibits the aftermath of racism in our society. Not only does she demonstrate it, but she executes the theme in such a way that it is obvious to the reader that she believes racial sequestration exit be witnessed in and around our society for many generations to come.One example of this is the fact that Julian does not realize that he himself is a racial. world a hypocritical idealist, he displays an acute sense of anti-racism, but formulated in such exquisite irony, we find that he indeed is a racist due to his constant need to attempt to be anti-racist. Julian does not wish to accept the fact the descendant is u nable to sever its bond with the ancestor. A generation cannot function without an impact from generations past. This is similarly found in A Good Man is Hard to Find, and evidence can be found within the quote presented earlier.The grandmother is openly racist in front of the children, even though she does not realize that her comments were racist, thereby supporting her racism as a whole. It is due to previous generations that succeeding generations remain aline to and hold on to traditional beliefs and values. Ironically in the case that OConnor depicts, is the value of racism. OConnor shows to the reader that racism is an perfect being it is able to sustain itself and survive through generational passage of culture and tradition.However, this is where the importance of Christianity comes into focus in OConnors stories. Being a devout Christian, she believed that the resole path to redemption and absolution was through religion. According to OConnor, the only way to redeem one self was through grace. Though this is seen to a lesser extent in both these stories as compared to several others, OConnor demonstrates several aspects of religious allusion and symbolic image. The breakdown of society is further emphasized with the use of religious symbol in Everything that Rises .She was almost found to go, standing before the hall mirror, putting on her hat, while he, his hands beside him, appeared pinned to the door frame, waiting like Saint Sebastian for the arrows to begin piercing him. (Pg. 405) The allusion made in this quote is that of Saint Sebastian, a Roman martyr and an officer of the Praetorian Guard until Diocletian discovered his Christianity. His life lay in the hands of Roman archers, which is often the subject of many paintings. The arrows are frequently seen piercing his back, and in the case of Julian and his mother, represent the burden placed upon Julian.The idea that Julian perceives his own mother as a burden is remarkable. Julian does no t have a job and lives with his mother at her home. Not only is he ruthless and critical of her thoughts and beliefs, he does not even consider that he might be the burden. Julians idealistic hypocrisy is countered and revealed in the conclusion of the story. The title itself is a foreshadowing tincture of the story, as one can expect inevitable conflict and perhaps, concession and compromise. Julians hypocrisy is ironic, as he claims to know the real world better than anyone else.In the end, he is forced to understand the real world with the passing of his mother, revealing his weakness and vulnerability and the extent of dependence that he has on his mother. A soar of darkness seemed to be sweeping her away from him. Mother he cried. Darling sweetheart, wait Crumpling, she fell to the pavement. He dashed forward and fell to her side, crying, Mamma, Mamma (Pg. 420) This is the only point in the story in which Julian actually calls his mother a mother and a mamma, revealing a g limpse of his past childhood. On the like page OConnor writes,The tide of darkness seemed to sweep him back to her, postponing moment to moment his entry into the world of guilt and sorrow. (Pg. 420) It is interesting that in the first quote, the tide sweeps Mrs. Chestny to Julian, and in the second it sweeps Julian to Mrs. Chestny. This further demonstrates Julians dependence on his mother. He has finally been able to enter the real world, the world he claims to understand and recognize. In A Good Man , OConnor uses certain forms of foreshadowing in the early passages of the story to warn the readers of future occurrences, and of certain religious aspects.They passed a large cotton field with flipper or six graves fenced in the middle of it, like a small island. (Pg. 119) The presence of five or six graves stimulates a stage of realization for the reader, as the family consists of six people, giving an eerie sense or prescience of events yet to take place. This gives the reader the impression that the conclusion to the story will be shrouded with death and despair.Though this example of foreshadowing does not directly relate to OConnors theme of religion in her stories, it does in a sense foreshadow a further foreshadowing. .. In case of an accident, anyone seeing her dead on the highway would know at once that she was a lady. (Pg. 118) This quote is interesting, since it is because of her, that the family strays off their master path leading to Florida to one that heads for Georgia. It is also interestingly ironic as they do in fact have an accident, and the person who finds her does not see her as a lady. OConnor uses the symbol of the path/road to identify the paths we take in life, or in this case, the proper path of religion.If the Grandmother had been the lady she claimed herself to be and if she remained true to the righteous path of Christianity (that of truth, virtue, honest, etc. ), the family would not have strayed off path, and the proper path would not have led them to death. With the encounter with the Misfit, we find him to exemplify the present-day(a) world, exposing his protagonistic qualities. I wasnt there so I cant say He didnt, the Misfit said. I wisht I had of been there, he said, hitting the ground with his fist. It aint right I wasnt there because if I had of been there I would of known if I had of been there I would of known and I wouldnt be like I am now (Pg. 132)We find the Misfit not only questioning the existence of a Supreme Being, but also addressing a common dilemma of the human consciousness. Though we are aware and heedful of our own existence, we remain primitive animals with violent and primal qualities and nature. The clash surrounded by our primal and animalistic instincts is in constant confliction with our metaphysical human nature.The development that develops between the Misfit and the Grandmother is amazing. We find belief to be anything beyond what we can see, hear, touch, smell, etc. Accordingly, any form of spiritual or anti-spiritual ideology is a leap of faith. OConnor shows the reader that what the Misfit realizes, and what the Grandmother eventually realizes is the fact that sacred dogma and religious belief can no longer compete with the scientific and methodical views and the immorality of the modern world.OConnor personifies the contemporary views dominating the modern world with her use of the Misfit. As society evolves, it begins to ignore traditional values, and according to OConnor, acts as a catalyst for the eventual total breakdown of society. In our time, there are misfits and there are at sea souls, many of whom unexpectedly play the roles in OConnors stories as prophets, searching for faith and absolution, the messengers of lost conscientiousness.These prophets are used as tools to not only expose the truths and cruelties of the modern world, but also ushers the readers into a psyche of dark and desperate thoughts and feelings which engulf the human soul, imbuing them with a state of utter helplessness in view of the imminent doom in which the reader can foresee during the story. This exposed darkness, which is a bad figure in the human condition, takes the concept of the human condition itself to a particularly unnatural level and undesired truth of human understanding.From a grandmother who indirectly destroys her own family through her acts of attempted good will, to a non-existent and unresolved mother son relationship united and divided under the influence and mankind of racism and the tragedy that concludes the story, Flannery OConnor makes a statement on the affiliation between the justification of religious and traditional values, and the corruption and destruction of society, ranging from the 40s / 50s era of black hurt to an almost ludicrous extent of religious fanaticism.OConnors main statement was that manhood as a whole has strayed off its path, just as the Grandmother and her family did in A Good Man . T his story can arguably be labeled as a form of foreshadowing itself, as it shows what would happen if humanity appeases on its irregular path. Just as the Grandmother and her family met brutal and untimely death as a result, OConnor is showing us that we too, will experience this, should we continue life this way. Her numerous statements on the dark realities of our world are reminders of what we have to overcome.She demonstrates the constant clash between the modern and the traditional. We must understand that we contain and insure our fate. It seems plain that OConnor feels that the eventual outcome will be the death of society. In the stories A Good Man is Hard to Find and Everything that Rises must Converge, Flannery OConnor uses her oracular characters in combination with Christian imagery, apocalyptic foreshadowing, and the ubiquitous evils permeating society to this particular level, and leaves the reader closing the book with a feeling of complete hopelessness for the fu ture of mankind.