Kimberly clark case study Essay Example for Free

Kimberly clark case study Essay Why are major company, like Kimberly-Clark, moving toward relationships in which the supplier managers inventory levels at the retailer? 2. When should Kimberly-Clark handles its logistic needs in-house, and when should external source be used? 3. What other types of business partnerships that Kimberly-Clark can be used to improve supply chain performance? 4. Can pressure such as in the Kimberly-Clark case be used to Kimberly-Clark’s advantage? Traditionally, the retailer handles the replenishment process, and the supplier has no clear information on the demand side or advance warning about out-of-stock situation. As a result, the supplier tends to maintain a certain level of safety stocks as a buffer in order to facilitate sales and the customer would also keep some safety stocks in case of none-supply that causes long supply chain and lacks of flexibility. Through supplier managed inventory programs, suppliers get to know the actual supply and demand and thus can deploy better logistic plans to response the fluctuating market situation. The Cross Media Optimization Study (XMOS) The XMOS study answers the question â€Å"What is the optimal media mix to achieve marketing  goals? † Marketers and advertising agencies can now begin to understand which advertising vehicles, at what frequency, optimally support campaign objectives. Using a research methodology endorsed by the Advertising Research Foundation and recognized by ESOMAR (European Society for Opinion and Marketing Research), the XMOS study measures online advertising alongside offline advertising to determine the optimal mix and weight of each medium. The Campaign Kimberly-Clark introduced the Kleenex Soft Pack with television, print, and online. Advertising. The objective of the campaign: build awareness and drive trial. The target: previously hard-to-reach consumers. The Challenge Kimberly-Clark wanted to measure the ability of online advertising to reach segments of their target market that their television and print ads just were not covering. How They Did It The company allocated 75% of its overall advertising dollars to television, 23% to print, and 2% to online. Then they analyzed each medium’s effectiveness in boosting aided brand awareness, brand image, purchase intent. And bundled trial intent. What They Found Online complements offline advertising and delivers the 42% of the audience that is only lightly reached or not reached at all by television. The synergy of magazine and online advertising was the most effective combination for reaching this audience and boosting major key metrics including aided brand awareness, brand image, bundled trail intent and purchase intent. As an integral part of the overall media mix: †¢ Online advertising could potentially deliver 26% of the targ

Making Decisions Today For Health Care Tomorow Essay -- Medicine Paper

Making Decisions Today For Health Care Tomorow Today, 80-85% of Americans die in medical institutions. Of those, 70% require decisions about whether to apply, withhold, or withdraw medical treatment (Makar 58). Due to this ever increasing number, the right to die is one of the most popular and controversial topics in medicine today. The issue comes down to personal beliefs and ethics and the fact that there is so little clear-cut legislation on this topic confuses it even more. Advance Directives provide, in theory, for self-determination and put the patients mind at ease with the knowledge that they have decided for themselves the extent of health care that they wish to receive. Also, for the family, the process of watching their loved one suffer through unwanted medical treatment is eliminated. In practice, however, there are a lot of inconsistencies and legal barriers that place limits on their usefulness. Some would argue that there is a limit to the amount of self-determination a patient retains even with an advance directive. They would say that a part of self-determination is that the patient makes an active, mental decision about his/her health care, and that advance directives dont fulfill this requirement. Regardless, it is clear that it is better than having no voice whatsoever in the decision. Also, in regard to attitudes toward self-determination today, many people waive this right either because they dont know that they have a choice or because they feel that they dont have a right to question a doctor or make medical decisions themselves (report Abram et al. 49-50). Alan Lieberson, author of the Living Will Handbook, describes a progression that our society has taken that has led to the necessity of ad... ...1982. ---. Making Health Care Decisions (Report) Washington D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1983. Alexander Law Firm. Medicare and Advance Directives. U.S.. Government Printing Office, 1993. Available: http:/www.seamless.com/alexanderlaw. Arnitage, Matt. Opus Communications Health Wave. 1996. Available:http://www.opuscomm.com/nls/samples/balsample.html. Lieberson, Alan D. The Living Will Handbook: The right to decide your own fate. Mamaroneck, New York: Hastings House, 1992. Makar, Marjorie Conner, BSN. Consent and Right to Die. CME Resource Sacramento, CA: 1994. Peer Review Systems. Health Care Quality Improvement Program Advance Directives Final Report. December 1995. Available http://cme-1.med.ohio-state.edu/prs/adv-fnl.htm. Right to Life of Michigan. Living Wills and Durable Power of Attorney. Available:http://www.rtl.org/lwpda.htm.

High Scope in Education

Andrea Biancuzzo Early Ed Spring12 and 13 High Scope cont. High/Scope (Cognitively Oriented) Theory: The High Scope early childhood education approach, used in preschools, kindergarten, and childcare, or in elementary school settings. The High Scope approach is a branch off of the Cognitively Oriented Curriculum, which was developed under the leadership of David Weikart at the High Scope Foundation in Ypsilanti, Michigan in the early 1960’s (Essa, 2007). The philosophy behind High Scope is based on child development theory and research, originally drawing on the work of theorists such as Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky, and John Dewey.A key part of the High Scope approach is that the development revolves around certain activities that can help children grasp certain cognitive concepts. As stated in our book â€Å"the cognitively oriented model is based on the premise that children are active learners who construct their own knowledge from meaningful experiences† (Essa, 2007, p. 146). One main reason High Scopes theory is so hands on. In others words High Scope's educational approach emphasizes active/hands on learning. Active learning means students have nonstop, hands-on experiences with people, objects/materials, events, and ideas.Children’s interests and choices are at the heart of High Scope programs. They build their own knowledge through interactions with the world and the people around them. Children take the first step in the learning process by making choices and following through on their plans and decisions. Teachers, caregivers, and parents offer physical, emotional, and academic support. In an active learning setting, adults expand children’s thinking abilities with diverse materials and nurturing interactions.High Scopes approach was built for children to gain knowledge with independence, responsibility, and confident. High Scope’s approach allows children to become ready for school and ready for life. Environment: The classroom environment in which the children are surrounded by each and every day is one of the most crucial parts of the High Scope Model. The classroom is where the children spend their entire day, if the room wasn’t set up with the child’s emotional and physical development in mind the High Scope Model would not work accordingly.In the High Scope environment there must be areas of the room that are divided up into different sections that allow the children to engage in different types of play;   each area serves a different purpose in the area of development. There are a few characteristics in the High Scope environment that are a necessity, these being: a welcoming room for the children, it must also provide enough materials for all of the children, it must encourage different types of play, and last but not least the room should provide materials that reflect the diversity of children’s family lives (High Scope, 2012).Some of the areas that you can typica lly find in a High Scope classroom are; block area, house area, arts and crafts area, sand/water area, reading area, and outdoor area (High Scope, 2012). All of these areas have a great significance on the growth and development on the child, without these areas the child would be lacking in one or more areas of development which could ultimately be detrimental to his or her healthy growth and or development. Teacher(s): AMBER’S SECTION Missing Student(s): High/Scope takes the learning process beyond traditional academic subjects by applying methods that promote independence, curiosity, decision making, cooperation, persistence, creativity, and problem solving in young children†(HighScope, p. 63). The students in the High/ Scope Approach learn six major content areas in their first 3 years at a school with this curriculum. Those six major content areas would be, approaches to learning, social and emotional development, physical development and health, communication, lan guage and literacy, cognitive development, and lastly creative arts.As the children progress and enter Preschool they add three more content areas to their curriculum and those areas would be in mathematics, science and technology, and social studies. During Preschool a High/Scope curriculum setting, they are trying to build school readiness, so the children can move on and continue their growing education (http://www. highscope. org/Content. asp? ContentId=63). The students in a High/Scope classroom are actively learning alongside their teachers.The students in a High/ Scope classroom pick what they want to learn that day and they are given time to do it and they report back to the class what they have learned and why it is important. This gives each child the individuality to work at their own pace and not be rushed if something is harder for them than for other students. This way the student’s feel that they are all equally important and they see that no one student is get ting a particular amount of attention. Daily Schedule: In a High/ Scope school setting consistency is the key to readiness.Consistency in the classroom helps the children gain a much stronger understanding of time. In the classroom the day would be started with a morning greeting, following this morning greeting would be planning time, which is when the teacher walks around the class and asks the students to pick out something that they want to work on throughout their work time. The teacher will record what each child is working on and will keep track of when they finish and how long it took them, along with how much assistance they needed for that specific task. The work time takes up a rather large portion of the day and it is then followed by recall time.Recall time is when the class comes together as a whole and each child talk about what they have worked on for the day as well as what they have learned. These three concepts, planning time, work time, and recall time, are known together as the plan-do-review cycle. This is the main and the most important part of the day in a High/Scope classroom. Other parts of the day that aren’t as important yet are still important would be small group time, large group time, cleanup, meals, as well as naps depending on which setting you are in (Essa 2007).A possible High/ Scope Approach daily schedule could look as followed: 8:00 to 8:15| Arrival of students | This time would be spend putting their jackets away and backpacks and getting their desks ready for the day| 8:15 to 8:20| Transition to school work| This time would be spent talking about their weekend or the day before, what they did and letting them talk to each other. | This time would be known as the plan-do-review cycle: 8:20 to 8:35| Planning time| This time would be spent by each child picking out what they want to work on during work time (10 to 15 minutes). 8:35 to 9:25| Work time| This time would be spent with the children working on their mater ials while the teacher goes around and provides assistance if needed (45 to 60 minutes). | 9:25 to 9:40| Recall time| This time would be spent reviewing and going over what each child has done during work time (10 to 15 minutes). | Then the students would go back to working together or in small groups: 9:40 to10:00| Small group(s)| This time would be spent with children in small groups working in centers and work with the teacher (roughly 20 minutes). 10:00 to 10:45| Outside play| This time would be spent with the children exploring the outside, and exerting energy (45 minutes). | Then the students will participate in another plan-do-review cycle: 10:45 to 11:00| Planning time| This time would be spent by each child picking out what they want to work on during work time (10 to 15 minutes). | 11:00 to 11:50| Work time| This time would be spent with the children working on their materials while the teacher goes around and provides assistance if needed (45 to 60 minutes). 11:50 to 12:0 5| Recall time| This time would be spent reviewing and going over what each child has done during work time (10 to 15 minutes). | Then the children will have time to eat and rest up a bit: 12:05 to 12:50| Lunch time| This time would be spent setting up and the distribution of lunch, and the children eating (45 minutes). | 12:50 to 1:00| Rest time | This time would be spent resting and relaxing after lunch, also used as a bathroom break (10 minutes). | :00 to 1:20| Large group time| This time would be spent with the whole class sitting at the rug while the teacher teaches a lesson or reads a book aloud to the class (20 minutes). | 1:20 to 2:05| Outside play| This time would be spent with the children exploring the outside, and exerting energy (45 minutes). | 2:05 to 2:15| Student dismissal| This time would be spent getting their backpacks ready and waiting for their buddies to pick them up and take them to their bus (10 minutes). | 2:15 to 2:55| Team planning| This time would be spen t creating a lesson plan for the next day and what we lan to teach within the week (40 minutes). | Parent Involvement: As educators it is important to involve parents with the education of their children. Therefore parent involvement is one of High Scopes goal as it is for any approach. High/Scope provides parents with multiple opportunities to become involved in their child’s program, whether they volunteer in the classroom, serve on policy-making and/or advisory committees, contribute to a parent newsletter, or attend meetings and workshops. As a group we designed a parent’s monthly newsletter and letter share activity.Our newsletter informed parents of our monthly classroom actives, upcoming book fair, sight words, our letter share day, and nights for parent activity night. We also made a parent flyer for Flip It. Our Flip It activity is a training session offering the flip it approaches to challenging behavior. Parents are encouraged to participate in program activ ities with children or trainings offered by the teachers. To stress the importance of parent involvement, parents are often invited or encouraged to participate in a variety of activities with children. Evaluation of the Model:The High/ Scope Approach has been portrayed in many different ways. There is controversy between whether this approach works or if it doesn’t work. There is also debate about whether this approach works because it doesn’t contain excess materials to make the classroom work. Many points are in the air about this, and there is much research that either backs this information up or tears it down. In the article The HighScope Model of Early Childhood Education, the author states that this specific approach doesn’t need one to go out and buy specific materials to make the classroom work, as in other approaches like a Montessori classroom.This model is a prime example of being culturally and developmentally appropriate practice in this field of education. In the article High/Scope program briefing paper, the author talks and compares this approach with the EPPE and the Galinsky analysis that they came up with. The EPPE and the Galinsky analysis states â€Å"High/Scope evidences all of the elements of the quality early childhood programs that have been identified. (Cahir, p. 8)† This is important because they are stating that this program is a well round and highly educational approach.The program that the High/ Scope Approach was originally intended for has proven that there is a decrease in the amount of crimes, that have become of the students that had this curriculum. As stated in the article The High/Scope Perry Preschool Study Through Age 40, the author states â€Å"the Perry Preschool program played a significant role in reducing overall arrests and arrests for violent crimes as well as property and drug crimes and subsequent prison or jail sentences over study participants’ lifetimes up to age 40. (Sc hweinhart,p. )† I found this to be very interesting because I did not find other approaches to having any information like this. There are six core standards. Each standard describes in a few sentences what well-prepared teachers should know and be able to do. It is important to note, that the standard is not just that candidates know something â€Å"about† child development and learning, the expectations are more specific and complex than that. A seventh programmatic standard describes requirements for early childhood field experience and clinical practice.The following, illustrate how the HighScope approach meets NAEYC requirements for curriculum standards through 7 standards. For the purpose of this assignment we well recognize the following: Standard one, Promoting Child Development and learning, standard two, Building Family and Community Relationships, standard three, Observing, Documenting, and Assessing to Support Young Children and Families, standard four, Usin g Developmentally Effective Approaches, standard five, Using Content Knowledge to Build Meaningful Curriculum, and finally standard six, becoming a Professional.Standard One PROMOTING CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND LEARNING- Teachers prepared in early childhood degree programs are grounded in a child development knowledge base. They use their understanding of young children’s characteristics and needs, and of multiple interacting influences on children’s development and learning, to create environments that are healthy, respectful, supportive, and challenging for each child. NAEYC) The High Scope model meets the need of standard one by developing hands on learning and by creating. The High Scope curriculum also guides teachers to plan for children’s engagement in play (including dramatic play and blocks) that is integrated into classroom topics of study. Standard two BUILDING FAMILY AND COMMUNITY RELATIONSHIPS -Teachers prepared in early childhood degree programs underst and that successful early childhood education depends upon partnerships with children’s families and communities.They know about, understand, and value the importance and complex characteristics of children’s families and communities. They use this understanding to create respectful, reciprocal relationships that support and empower families, and to involve all families in their children’s development and learning. (NAEYC) High Scope suggests as educators it is important to involve parents with the education of their children. Therefore parent involvement is one of High Scopes goal as it is for any approach.High/Scope provides parents with multiple opportunities to become involved in their child’s program, whether they volunteer in the classroom, serve on policy-making and/or advisory committees, contribute to a parent newsletter, or attend meetings and workshops. Standard three OBSERVING, DOCUMENTING, AND ASSESSING TO SUPPORT YOUNG CHILDREN AND FAMILIES – Teachers prepared in early childhood degree programs understand that child observation, documentation, and other forms of assessment are central to the practice of all early childhood professionals.They know about and understand the goals, benefits, and uses of assessment. They know about and use systematic observations, documentation, and other effective assessment strategies in a responsible way, in partnership with families and other professionals, to positively influence the development of every child. (NAEYC) The High Scope The curriculum guides teachers to integrate assessment information with curriculum goals to support individualized learning. A staff member regularly uses a child observation measure of proven reliability and validity to assess children’s developmental progress.High Scope also supports documentation as an assessment. Standard four USING DEVELOPMENTALLY EFFECTIVE APPROACHES- Teachers prepared in early childhood degree programs understand that teaching and learning with young children is a complex enterprise, and its details vary depending on children’s ages, characteristics, and the settings within which teaching and learning occur. They understand and use positive relationships and supportive interactions as the foundation for their work with young children and families. Candidates know, understand, and use a wide array of evelopmentally appropriate approaches, instructional strategies, and tools to connect with children and families and positively influence each child’s development and learning. (NAEYC) According the High Scope well-prepared early childhood teachers make firm use of various learning formats based on their understanding of children as individuals and as part of a group, and on alignment with important educational and developmental goals. A flexible, research-based repertoire of teaching/learning approaches to promote young children’s development.This would include making the most of the environment, schedule and routines. High Scope is huge on daily schedule and routines. In a High/ Scope school setting consistency is the key to readiness. Consistency in the classroom helps the children gain a much stronger understanding of time. In the classroom the day would be started with a morning greeting, following this morning greeting would be planning time, which is when the teacher walks around the class and asks the students to pick out something that they want to work on throughout their work time.Standard five USING CONTENT KNOWLEDGE TO BUILD MEANINGFUL CURRICULUM – Teachers prepared in early childhood degree programs use their knowledge of academic disciplines to design, implement, and evaluate experiences that promote positive development and learning for each and every young child. Candidates understand the importance of developmental domains and academic (or content) disciplines in early childhood curriculum. They know the essential concepts, inquiry t ools, and structure of content areas, including academic subjects, and can identify resources to deepen their understanding.Candidates use their own knowledge and other resources to design, implement, and evaluate meaningful, challenging curriculum that promotes comprehensive developmental and learning outcomes for every young child. (NAEYC) This program illustrates the plan-do-review process, a critical and unique part of the HighScope Curriculum that builds on children’s interests and intrinsic motivation. During plan-do-review, children learn to take initiative, solve problems, work with others, and accomplish their goals.In doing so, children see that they can make things happen and that their choices and ideas are respected. This helps them develop self-confidence and a sense of control and independence. High Scope also implemented discipline areas in learning goals, art and music, etc. Standard six BECOMING A PROFESSIONAL- Teachers prepared in early childhood degree pro grams identify and conduct themselves as members of the early childhood profession. They know and use ethical guidelines and other professional standards related to early childhood practice.They are continuous, collaborative learners who demonstrate knowledgeable, reflective and critical perspectives on their work, making informed decisions that integrate knowledge from a variety of sources. They are informed advocates for sound educational practices and policies. (NAEYC) Teachers are responsible for planning lessons that help students learn through hands-on activities and experiences. The teacher in a high scope classroom should be encouraging adult to child interaction as well as facilitating learning through the students’ exploration.For example, sitting down with children at the block area and encouraging children to find out what happens when the stack gets too high, or what happens when you put a small block on the bottom and large on the top. Teachers should develop le ssons that interest the students that way students are motivated to explore and learn in that particuluar setting In conclusion, The High Scope curriculum focuses on the ability of children to actively learn. Students are encourgaed to learn by engaging in hands-on experiences as well as interacting with adults, other children, materials, and events.Students are also at the center of planning. Teachers plan activities based on student interest and there is a schedule of the day so students know what to anticipate. Annotated Bibliography/References: Schweinhart, L. (2010). The highscope model of early childhood education. HighScope Educational Research Foundation, Ypsilanti, Michigan 1-19. This article gives you a great detailed background of the High/ Scope Approach, which I found very helpful when looking for research. This article also talks about the role of teachers, the daily routine, as well as the role of parents and the community.I would highly recommend this article for use . Weikart, D. (2010). The youth program quality intervention (YPQI) study. Retrieved from http://www. cypq. org/products_and_services/research This article gives one a better understanding of the YPQI program and how it is related to the High/ Scope approach that we are talking about. This isn’t one that I would highly recommend but it is not bad. Stone, R. (1997-2012). High/scope: educating children for life. Retrieved from http://www. communityplaythings. co. uk/resources/articles/high-scope. tml This website was very interesting because it is based off of a classroom that follows the High/ Scope Approach to education. You could see a lot of information and how it personally worked for them. I think this is a great website and I would recommend it. Cahir, p. (2008). High/scope program briefing paper. Early Childhood Australia INC, 1-15. I would recommend this paper because it is very interesting because it is from Australia, and it was very interesting to see how different their educational approach would be from ours and it isn’t that different.Schweinhart, L. (n. d). The high/scope perry preschool study through age 40. High/Scope Educational Research Foundation, 1-21. I found this article to be very useful, the information and how it was laid out made it very easy to maneuver. I would highly recommend this article. This information that is contained in this article will help your opinion for this particular approach. http://www. highscope. org/ This was by far the most helpful resource for this paper, this website has a ton of information in all the different areas.It was very easy to navigate and I would highly recommend the use of this site. Essa, E. (2007). Introduction to early childhood education, annotated student’s edition,sixith edition. University of Nevada, Reno : Wadsworth Cengage Learning. This book was very help in finding information on this approach. It also had information to compare and contrast all the other approache s and it was easy to find all that needed to be looked at. I would highly recommend using this book as well. www. NAEYC. org Used for standards 1-7 information

Muscle Building Essay - 994 Words

Ordinarily, in the event that you need to help your muscle building results to the maximum – were talking as high as you can go – you need to stack your supplements. You require perhaps 4 or 5 distinct equations concentrating on 4 or 5 unique objectives all to get to where you need to be. Indeed, consider the possibility that you just required one supplement, a supplement that does it all. As indicated by their advertising material, Primal Muscle Body Toner is that one supplement. In the event that you have dreams of being super hung with enormous yet tore muscles, and youre willing to buckle down for it, Primal Muscle Body Toner says it can enable you to arrive. Primal Muscle Body Toner is designed according to the most intense†¦show more content†¦A bit cheeky to say the least especially when you consider the bold claims: HARDCORE Increases In STRENGTH, Vascularity Lean Muscle DEFINITION! Powerful Increase in ALPHA-MALE Mindset and Assertiveness PLUS Explosive Libido and Sex Drive! STRONGER Bones, Tendons and Ligaments – GREAT For Those Who Lift Heavy Primal Muscle is a supplement that is designed to help boost your body’s natural growth hormones to help stimulate muscle growth. Some of its health claims include: Increases muscle mass, Accelerated fat loss, Improves your lifting capacity, Rapid recovery from intense training, Enhances immune function and mental sharpness, Increased function of vital organs, Enhances your skin. Final verdict Used to be as of late as 8 years prior, supplements like those sold by Primal Muscle were principally for a little portion of the populace. That portion was jocks. Presently, notwithstanding, that is altogether changed. Everybody at rec centers is taking something†¦ regardless of the possibility that its only a recuperation item that contains loads of vitamins, minerals and protein. This incorporates ladies, who are currently inspired by slender muscle, all the time the same amount of as men. What that implies for associates is that the market has significantly extended as of late. You ought to consider your objective market to be just about any individualShow MoreRelatedEssay about Tips for Building Muscles641 Words   |  3 Pagesshirt Ð °nd whÐ °t Ã'Æ'Ð ¾u see Ã'â€"Ã'• Ð °n astonishing six pack abs Ð °nd wÐ µll toned muscles bulging Ð ¾ut Ð ¾f Ã'Æ'Ð ¾ur biceps. But dÐ ¾Ã µÃ'•nt Ã'â€"t sound like Ð ° dream! Well thÃ'â€"Ã'• Ã'â€"Ã'• whÐ °t Ð µvÐ µrÃ'Æ' youngster obsessed wÃ'â€"th muscle building dreams Ð ¾f, after getting uÃ'€ everyday. Whether one Ã'â€"Ã'• skinny Ð ¾r obese Ð µvÐ µrÃ'Æ'bÐ ¾dÃ'Æ' dreams Ð ¾f becoming Ð °n Arnold Schwarzenegger one day. Building muscle Ã'â€"Ã'• nÐ ¾t Ð °n overnight thing; Ð ° lot Ð ¾f passion, intensity Ð °nd hard work goes Ã'â€"n building Ð ° wÐ µll toned body. 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Essay on Reality TV - 4178 Words

Reality TV Can you believe that reality television has actually been around since 1948? Most of us may have thought that this idea of real television just came about in the last decade but actually it’s been around for quite some time. In 1948 Candid Camera was the first reality show to be broadcasted on television. Many considered this to be the â€Å"granddaddy† of the reality TV genre (History of reality TV). This show actually began in radio broadcasting. Allen Funt was the man in charge of this whole new production. He started by simply taping complaints of men in service and broadcasting them over the Armed Forces Radio. This is what later became known as the television show, Candid Camera. Candid Camera was known for†¦show more content†¦Why Do People Watch Reality Television? There has been a huge increase in â€Å"reality† based television over the last few years. From Survivor to Big Brother it seems that we are constantly being bombarded with a new type of reality television program. But why do people watch these shows? What makes these shows so interesting? One theory brought up in an article in Psychology Today by Steven Reiss Ph.D. and James Wiltz, a Ph.D. candidate at Ohio State University, is that, â€Å"reality television allows Americans to fantasize about gaining status through automatic fame† (Reiss and Wiltz, 2001). This is the American dream, acquiring fame with little to no work at all. And what better way to do it than on television? But can reality television actually be called reality? Do people watch because reality television offers an alternative to boring and hackneyed type programs? The fact is that reality TV is just as boring and predictable as the so-called unreal programs. Reality TV can, for the most part, hardly be considered real. An article in Rolling Stone confirms this, stating that, â€Å"The premise is always the same: Put ordinary stiffs on television on TV and they’ll do anything, anything, to stay on TV. Didn’t we already learn that from Kirstie Alley?† (Rolling Stone, 2001). If this were in fact the case, then way would anyone watch what is described as something as horribly predictable as the above? How could such a style ofShow MoreRelatedThe Reality Of Reality Tv908 Words   |  4 PagesToday’s audience grabs hold of reality TV now a day. Looking forward week to week to watch these unscripted real life situation shows. In a way it s becoming increa singly hard to avoid not watching. Some viewers see the TV show and tend to be attention seekers, and reality TV allows them to fantasize about achieving status through instant fame. Too much reality TV may lead viewers to idealize real world situations, like romanticizing dating. Like when Truman saw the girl in the library who was anRead MoreThe Reality Of Reality Tv991 Words   |  4 PagesI truly believe that reality TV needs a different name. At first reality TV was created with the aim to depict reality, but over time different interests and actions have resulted in doing the opposite of this. I would even go so far to say that reality TV has become just as fictional as fiction based television. â€Å"Reality† is defined as â€Å"the world or the state of things as they actually exist, as opposed to an idealistic or notional idea of them†. However, Reality TV in no way represents this definitionRead MoreThe Reality Of Reality Tv951 Words   |  4 Pages Reality TV and You Television shows were created to entertain the public and soon generalized shows became a bore. Reality TV shows are widely varied but are similarly based on the lives of non-fictional characters that brings out their daily challenges and achievements. This genre of TV programs gives a huge impact to its audience of, mostly, twelve to nineteen year olds. Critics and bloggers heavily criticize the negative teachings of Reality TV and indirectly force viewersRead MoreThe Reality Of Reality Tv Essay1601 Words   |  7 Pagesreasons. Reality TV is a common source of entertainment on various channels and media outlets. The purpose of reality TV is to â€Å"promise more drama, suspense, and laughter while pushing the envelope of what is morally and socially acceptable, funny, and, of course entertaining† (Glouner et al.). This type of media allows real people to connect to those on TV. Reality is not completely real, there are aspects of it that are scripted, rehearsed and complet ely altered (Crouch). Reality TV has existedRead MoreThe Reality Of Reality Tv Essay2065 Words   |  9 Pagesis also generally known that children can be easily influenced by what they see on television. Reality TV is no exception to this rule. It may appear that reality TV is a benign phenomenon but it is in fact a virus that has quickly diseased our society. More specifically, it attracts girls most mercilessly by affecting them negatively as to how they perceive themselves. Indeed, girls who watch reality TV learn that deceit and meanness is normal behaviour in order to achieve success, begin to self-objectifyRead MoreReality Tv1076 Words   |  5 Pagesmedia, reality TV stars like Snooki and Kim Kardashian are on the rise. Most channels on television have at least one reality show, from following housewives to remodeling homes of real life families. However, there are some reality programs that display bad examples, especially for young audiences that are keeping up with each episode. On MTV peopl e see girls being drunk in public, addicts doing drugs, and young girls raising babies at young ages; these are situations seen on reality TV shows. JeremyRead MoreThe Reality Of Reality Tv Essay1919 Words   |  8 PagesCreeber (2008) the genre of reality TV is typically shaped by the weekend program, followed by results and elimination – hence, Dancing with the Stars has performances on Sunday and results of voting of Monday. As shown by Throng (2015), this episode, screened July 12, had 346,930 people watching with a potential audience share of 8.3% of total viewers watching TV at that time, which can be compared to the competition on other stations (Neilsen, 2015; Throng, 2015). TV One screened Sunday at 7-8pmRead More Reality TV Essay1074 Words   |  5 Pages Reality TV: The Rise of a New Show â€Å"The Contender† nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;One of the newest shows to hit the vast majority of reality TV shows that already exist is The Contender. The Contender is a show that focuses on all the hardships, training, pain, and dilemmas that a boxer, who is preparing to fight, must endure. The Contender will be a very successful show, because it has the attributes of raw emotion that can’t be found when a director is yelling ‘action,’ and ‘cut.’ By raw emotionRead MoreReality TV Research1402 Words   |  6 PagesReality TV Research Why is that reality TV shows instead of encouraging, end up discouraging someone? The whole purpose of being a part of a TV show is try to win because you feel confident in what you are competing for. However in shows such as Americas Next Top Model the judges seek for the contestants flaws and point them out. According to Jennifer Pozner’s â€Å"Ghetto Bitches, China Dolls, Cha Cha Divas† reality shows contradict themselves. Pozner points out that a contestant was asked what sheRead MoreReality Tv Shows855 Words   |  4 PagesBased on these criteria qualified industries were call centres and reality TV shows. In deciding between these alternatives, I interviewed a few stakeholders within the call centre and media industries. 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Business Plan For An Organization - 994 Words

Buy-in To Change Employee buy-in is the process of getting commitment, understanding and action in support of organizational goals. Without buy-in organizations will fail if there is no efforts to implement the change. To obtain everyone’s support, higher management must involve lower management in supporting and implementing the change (Broder, 2013). The reason that brought about the change must be discussed and talk about the consequences of not implementing the change. Explain why everyone’s input is important, then brainstorm to get the input for cause and effect. Get commitment for the change as well as keeping the change fresh through discussion. Lastly celebrate any and all success through the implementation process. However,†¦show more content†¦Basically stated that law enforcement are merely a function of what they expect and what valence they assign to their various activities. 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Economics of Understanding the mechanism Of Price Control On Alcohol

Question: Setting a minimum alcohol price of 50p per unit could save Wales nearly 900m over 20 years by cutting crime and illness, a report has claimed. It could prevent more than 50 alcohol-related deaths a year, with poorer people seeing most health improvements. Researchers from Sheffield University say a 50p unit price could reduce total alcohol consumption in Wales by 4%. Health Minister Mark Drakeford welcomed the report as the Welsh government plans a new law on the issue for 2015. Explore the concept of a price floor in the context of this example. Use a correctly labelled diagram. Include in your essay, a discussion of price controls and the effects of a minimum alcohol price on Welsh consumers and producers in the short and long runs. Also include a discussion of ONE alternative alcohol control strategy that the Welsh government could use? Answer: Introduction: The drinks are considered to be an act of geniality which has always been a served in special occasions like weddings, parties etc. Over the last few decades the sale of the alcohol had increased which resulted in high illness and mortality rates. There are around 40,000 cases where people are admitted to the hospital for alcohol related illness and the maximum number of deaths is considered to occur due to the liver failure. The social security is getting hampered because of alcoholism which is a burgeoning issue in the recent times. In order to weaken the practice of excessive alcohol consumption, the government of Wales has taken a step by increasing the price of alcohol by setting a minimum price of 50p per unit. The government aims at reducing not only the alcohol consumption but other objectives will also be achieved by this law. This initiative by the government of Wales will help to reduce more than 50 deaths related to alcoholism per year, reduce the crime rates which is ant icipated to fall by 3,700 per year and the economy is expected to save around 882m for the next 20 years. All this will be beneficial for the society as a whole but the sellers of alcohol are worried about the sales and profits of their business. (Henderson, 2002) Price floor on alcohol: For the understanding the mechanism of the setting the minimum price of the alcohol and its influence on the quantity of the alcohol, it is required for us to get acquainted with the basic fundamentals of economics. There is a robust relationship between the demand of a commodity and its price. To understand the minimum price of the alcohol, we need to analyze the equilibrium in the demand and supply of the alcohol and its market mechanism. Below is a diagram that will help understand the mechanism in the alcohol market. (Hubbard and O'Brien, 2006) From the diagram we see that the demand for Alcohol is negatively related to its price and the supply of alcohol is positively related to its price. Now the minimum price set by the government of Wales is P1. The equilibrium price P0 and the quantity Q0 is obtained from the intersection of the demand and supply of alcohol. The minimum price set in this case is 50p per unit of alcohol. This means that the government has exercised price control which is typically a price floor. The price floor is a situation where the price of a product is set above the equilibrium price and there is no permission for it to fall. when the price of a good rises keeping other factors like the price of the substitute or complement good, income and even tastes and preference constant then the demand for that good decreases. In this case, the government has set the price high in the form of a minimum price in order to reduce to the rates of crime and disease related to alcoholism in the country. The policy would reduce the demand for alcohol consumption. (Krugman and Wells, 2005) As from the diagram we see that as the minimum price of P1 is set above the equilibrium price P0 then the equilibrium quantity decreased from Q0 to Q1. This will create a surplus for the seller which is a thing to worry. Since the alcohol is not considered to be a necessary good and the existence of substitute goods like soft drinks causes a bigger change in the demand due to a small change in the price. This is why the demand curve for the alcohol is elastic which measures the responsiveness of demand with respect to the change in price. (Chick, Gill and Black, 2010) Price control in the short run and long run: As the price has increased, rational consumer would lower its demand for alcohol and switch to healthier and cheaper option. The implementation of a price floor in the alcohol market causes a deadweight loss to occur. A deadweight loss occurs whenever there is a gap between the price that the buyer is willing to pay and what he actually pays. It can also be defined as the loss in consumer and producer surplus. (Mankiw, 2004) From the diagram we can infer that as the price rose due to the implementation of the price floor by setting a minimum price of P1 by the government the demand for alcohol has reduced from Q0 to Q1. But this fall is not the only fall. as the price increased, the consumer surplus got reduced. The new consumer surplus area is shaded green in the diagram. With the increase in the price the producer increased and depicted by the pink shaded area. The overall deadweight loss is indicated by the blue shaded area. Because of the price floor, the price increased which lowered the demand resulting in a imbalance in the demand and supply. Thus the sellers experienced a surplus of alcohol which is denoted by t he orange shaded a region. (Pindyck and Rubinfeld, 2005) In the short run, the impact of price floor on the supply curve would not be felt. The price floor will cause the quantity supplied to rise which causes a surplus of alcohol and aggravates the deadweight loss. But in the long run, market entrants will be influenced by the price floor and will enter the perfectively competitive market. This will cause a increase in the supply which will shift the supply curve of the alcohol to the left. This is because the sellers will be able to sell alcohol at a price which is well above their average cost and this will help the sellers who will earn economic profit. As the fall in the price is not possible as it is regulated by the government, the economic profits will ever converge to its normal level. This will induce new entrants to come into the market and create huge surpluses. Thus, in the long run, government will not be able to maintain the price floor. (POLICY OPTIONS FOR ALCOHOL PRICE REGULATION: RESPONSE TO THE COMMENTARIES, 2010) It is possible for the producers to benefit from this situation if their supply curve is elastic and provided that they do not incur losses. For the consumers, they will also suffer loss as they have pay higher price. But the rise in the price or the implementation of price floor may not always cause the consumption of alcohol to fall. The extents to which the alcohol prices impact the consumers depend on the consumer behavior. The elasticity of the demand curve reflects how the change in price will affect the changes in demand. This is the reason why some demand curves are described as elastic and some as inelastic. For the young adults, the rise in the price will make them to reduce the number of alcoholic drinks. But consider a heavy drinker; a rise in the price may not have any influence on the demand for the alcohol. At high prices they will still continue to purchase alcohol as they are somewhat addicted to it. (Byrnes et al., 2012) Income elasticity also has some influence on the consumption of different types of alcohol. A study has revealed that with beer is income inelastic and that wine and liquor are income elastic. This can be explained by the nature of the products. Beer can be considered as normal good but wine and liquor can be regarded as luxurious goods. Alternative alcohol control strategy: The government of Wales can initiate alternative alcohol strategy to reduce its consumption in the society. The aim of the government should be to reduce the availability of alcohol in the market; this can be done by increasing the duty on alcohol so that the alcohol sellers will find no incentive to sell the alcohol at high prices because at high prices of alcohol the demand for alcohol will fall. (Approaches to Reducing Consumption of Alcohol by Youth, 2003) Conclusion: The government of Wales had implemented price floor with a view to sustain overall welfare for the country. This policy is anticipated to reduce deaths per year up to 53, the health of the poorer people will improve, the absent from workplace will get reduced by 10,000 days each year and the economy will tend to save more. (BBC News, 2014) The unwanted surpluses in the alcohol market causes inefficiencies like resources get wasted, illegal selling of alcohol at the price below the price floor and inefficient allocation of the volume of sales among the producers. If alcohol is sold at price lower than the price floor then there will be a parallel black market of alcohol which is illegal and detrimental to the society. Another problem is that alcohol will be smuggled into the country and likewise people will look ways to buy alcohol drinks at cheap rates. The illegal sellers of alcohol will yield profits from such transaction and will engage in illegal shipment and avoid tax. (de Visser et al., 2014) Thus the government must take other alternative alcohol control strategies. Another possible strategy that can be taken by the Welsh government is banning the advertising of alcohol as this would influence the underage youngsters. The Welsh government should also try to change and alter the behavior of the people at the loca l level and encourage people to consume other healthy drinks. (The Governments Alcohol Strategy, 2015) References: Approaches to Reducing Consumption of Alcohol by Youth. (2003).JAMA, 289(20), p.2645. BBC News, (2014).Alcohol price law 'could save 900m'. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-30352183 [Accessed 13 Mar. 2015]. Byrnes, J., Shakeshaft, A., Petrie, D. and Doran, C. (2012). Can harms associated with high-intensity drinking be reduced by increasing the price of alcohol?.Drug Alcohol Rev, 32(1), pp.27-30. Chick, J., Gill, J. and Black, H. (2010). Ways to control alcohol price.BMJ, 341(dec20 2), pp.c7007-c7007. de Visser, R., Hart, A., Abraham, C., Memon, A., Graber, R. and Scanlon, T. (2014). Which alcohol control strategies do young people think are effective?.Drug Alcohol Rev, 33(2), pp.144-151. Henderson, J. (2002).Health economics and policy. Australia: South-Western/Thomson Learning. Hubbard, R. and O'Brien, A. (2006).Microeconomics. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. Krugman, P. and Wells, R. (2005).Microeconomics. New York: Worth. Mankiw, N. (2004).Principles of microeconomics. Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western. Pindyck, R. and Rubinfeld, D. (2005).Microeconomics. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson Prentice Hall. POLICY OPTIONS FOR ALCOHOL PRICE REGULATION: RESPONSE TO THE COMMENTARIES. (2010).Addiction, 105(3), pp.400-401. The Governments Alcohol Strategy. (2015). 1st ed. [ebook] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/224075/alcohol-strategy.pdf [Accessed 13 Mar. 2015].